Wednesday, September 24, 2008

Agricultural Biotechnology International Conference

A major international conference on agricultural biotechnology starts in Melbourne, Australia, today (August 6, 2006).The Agricultural Biotech International Conference (ABIC) brings together representatives of biotech companies, agricultural researchers and policy makers from across the world.

The theme of this conference is Unlocking the Potential of Agricultural Biotechnology. Some of the topics to be discussed include:

* Importance of biotechnology in meeting global food requirements.
* Application of agricultural biotechnology in biomedicine.
* Commercialization of innovative biotechnology.
* Practical applications of genomics to cereal crops.
* Using biotechnology to protect and enhance food supply.
* Biotechnology in developing countries.

Unlocking the potential of agricultural biotechnology is an issue that has been with us since the commercialization of the first genetically modified crop a decade ago. Developed countries, notably the U.S. and Canada, appreciate that agricultural biotechnology has been a prime mover of their economies. They have massively invested in it, effectively eclipsing the so-called conventional agriculture. The gains have been innumerable.

Farmers in these countries have almost doubled their income from cultivating genetically modified crops, that are usually high yielding and pest resistant.

In developing countries, the picture is different. Agricultural biotechnology remains a contested issue. Many developing countries would not embrace because of their distrust for the developed countries. Others have been fed with lies that agricultural biotechnology, and in particular Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), pose danger to the environment and the health of consumers.

Positive attributes of agricultural biotechnology must be played out at the Melbourne meeting for all to listen.

It’s encouraging that delegates from developing countries such as Prof. Jennifer Thomson (South Africa), Dr. Jagadish Mittur (India), and Dr. Rangsun Parnpai (Thailand) are attending this conference. They have a chance to learn firsthand how agricultural biotechnology has revolutionized the economies of such countries as the U.S., Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. These delegates must explore how their countries can similarly benefit from agricultural biotechnology.

Since this is a gathering of experts in agricultural biotechnology, it’s expected that there will a productive debate on the potential of agricultural biotechnology. Delegates should conduct their deliberations with developing countries in mind. It’s here where agricultural biotechnology is in dire need.

Developing countries delegates are encouraged to view this conference as a window of opportunity to learn from as many experts as possible on the potential of agricultural biotechnology.

Once the curtains of this conference fall, delegates from developing countries must ensure that they share the lessons learnt with policy makers, scientists and farmers in their respective countries.

The Future is Now

One of the missions of ChartWatchCentral is to inform our readers of opportunity before it mainstreams. There is tremendous opportunity in the futuristic field of Nanotechnology.

Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary defines nanotechnology thusly: “the art of manipulating materials on an atomic or molecular scale especially to build microscopic devices.” A more proper working definition is: the creation of an entirely new species and world.

Nanotechnology is also very fertile ground for the investor who does his homework. As always, the ground floor is the preferred position for a new era. Quite simply, Nanotechnology will make every technological advance that has preceded it insignificant by comparison. The time frame for this sweeping worldwide change is short, investors who want to be at the forefront of profit in this change should begin serious investigation of this subject now because this is one future that will not wait – it is, in fact happening now.

A Brief Overview of the Changes Forthcoming

Computer processing power continues to increase at an astounding pace, and that will continue. These extremely powerful processors have fueled the technological explosion we have all experienced and continue to experience. We are now at the tipping point. Processor speed will soon take a quantum leap in speed and flexibility because newer, faster processors are being designed with the help of the current generation of fast processors. This sets up a chain reaction as each generation of faster processors is used to design its replacement. Human DNA is being looked at as the basis of near-term ultra fast ultra small processors. In fact, initial experiments have shown that DNA can indeed perform simple, although extremely brief, input/output operations. As faster upon faster generations of silicon-based processors, allowing for more sophisticated software, come into use, not only will the DNA-based processor hurdle be overcome, the prototype DNA-based processors will thus accelerate the processor speed curve.

The human genome has been mapped – blazing processor speed will ‘crack’ the code, which will, in turn, allow for processors with calculation speeds unheard of today to be constructed at the molecular and atomic level.

This is currently in the works; research is going full speed on a highly accelerated track. Molecular level computing utilizing DNA based processors will result in what now may be viewed as Science Fiction, but will become fact within the next ten years. I state again that current research is moving rapidly and breakthroughs are occurring at an astounding pace. I cannot over emphasize the importance of this issue because this molecular computing revolution will create a world that, just a few short years ago, would have been considered impossible. All of humanity will be affected and all of the world’s economies will experience a corresponding explosion in activity and worth.

Just Imagine

What are some of the things in store? Just imagine! In fact, let your imagination run rampant, the researchers and creators of emerging Nanotechnology, and its sibling Genomics, are doing just that. Products and services will become available that today, would be viewed as miraculous. These advanced products and services will, however, become commonplace in the early 21st Century and will be replaced by a dizzying and constant stream of even more amazing products and services.

This technology, of course, will first be utilized in military, medical and scientific applications. In fact the DOD research arm DARPA, is currently researching ‘super-human’ soldier applications utilizing Nanotechnology. Molecule and atomic sized computerized applications will enhance the strength, speed, agility, vision and survivability of the soldier on the battlefield. Once perfected and implemented, the ‘cyborg’ soldier applications will be able to communicate via satellite directly to commanders at the Pentagon, or in the field. What he sees with his nanite eyes, can be delivered in real-time to command centers, the same will hold true for what he hears, what he thinks and his biological signs. Instructions from command and control centers will be delivered directly to his brain almost instantaneously.

Some have envisioned nightmare scenarios whereby, as a military application, Nanotechnology and Genomics will lead to the creation of soldiers without remorse, guilt, or fear – those sections of his brain responsible for emotion will be held in check or blocked altogether by molecular computers - creating soldiers capable of following orders without question, acting upon orders without fear, without worry, without remorse. This will also be applicable to the intelligence sector. In reality however, it will be possible to utterly obviate and render obsolete today’s need for intelligence gathering altogether simply by delivering payloads of nanites to the enemy’s water supply – both civilian and military. Or, the payload could simply be delivered via air dispersion over wide areas – both battlefield and civilian areas could easily be targeted – remember these computers are molecular in size and capable of integrating with humans at the cellular level, and will execute their programming directly to the human, including easily reproducing themselves from cellular material. The enemy, in point of fact, would be rendered non-existent if ‘re-programmed’ to be the friend, or …… let your own imagination stage the scenario. It will be possible.

In the field of medicine, a few of the many uses will include heart patients injected with nanites designed to clear deposits from the circulatory system. Other uses will be nanites designed for microsurgery easily repairing damaged tissue and performing cellular surgery for a variety of maladies. The sky, and the imagination of the medical community is the limit.

Nanotechnology will revolutionize the world. There is no aspect of life that will be untouched by this advance. From agriculture to marketing – from biology to communication – virtually all that we can dream, both good and bad, will be possible. It will be possible for humans to carry within them the totality of human knowledge, available for instant recall. New knowledge could easily be passed from one human to another simply by touch, or by sight. Communication without speech will exist. Most disease can be eradicated, more food can be grown, and a ‘golden age’ will be entirely within humanity’s grasp. Or, a nightmare world of programmed ‘cyborgs’ will be commonplace. We will soon create a new species, which I have dubbed ‘Homo Superioralis,’ a blending, meshing and melding of human and DNA based molecular processors. Fantastic abilities and health will be available to anyone who carries within them these molecular computers. This is an issue that will soon confront all of us and it will become the biggest issue of this century. The time is rapidly approaching, we will have to deal with this and make of it what we will. The technology, in its nascent stage, exists. It is rapidly evolving and emerging. A new world is being born.

How Does This Affect the Investor?

Opportunities will arise that we cannot, at this time, comprehend, or even imagine. As with any total revolution, everything changes. Those who invest for the long-term in stable and reliable companies at the leading edge of current research in this area will be on the ground floor of the most explosive economic growth in history. For example, HP is expending tremendous effort to be at the forefront of this research.

The door to the digital, information age is only slightly ajar, the Internet and communication revolution barely turned the knob of the future. We have barely crossed the threshold – Nanotechnology will throw the door to the future wide open.

Of course, some people continued to invest in buggy and surrey manufacturers even as others invested in the manufacture of cantankerous automobiles rolling along primitive highways. A new world awaits, there is profit to be made. Make no mistake – Nanotechnology is the ultimate next big thing - it will revolutionize humankind.

Timeframe – ten to twenty years max! Do your research and prepare.

Nano is, indeed, the investment opportunity of the age. As I have stated many times "prepare to profit." Think about it.

Canadian Agriculture Museum

After my very interesting introduction to sheep shearing and all sorts of wool processing techniques I had a chance to link up with David Sutin who is the Communications, Marketing and Farm Operations Manager for the Canada Agriculture Museum. In fact, Ottawa is the only world capital that has a working farm at its heart. David volunteered to give me a personal tour through the various facilities of the Museum and we started with the Dairy Barn. Right when you come in is an area for the "dry cows": these are pregnant animals that stop giving milk in the two months before giving birth. David explained to me that the gestation period of cows is very similar to that of humans: 9 months.

David elaborated that male calves get moved into the sale barn and sadly enough, eventually they end up being processed into veal. On the other hand, the Museum keeps the female calves so they can grow up into milk cows. The Canada Agriculture Museum is home to a variety of different dairy cattle breeds and the most productive of them all are Holsteins. Jersey cows were imported from islands in the British Channel and I was just amazed at the beautiful faces and the huge, long-lashed eyes of these cows. The Canadienne cows were brought over from Europe by immigrants from France since they are hardier and better able to withstand the harsh Canadian winters although they are not highly efficient milk producers.

Every day the herdspersons at the Museum milk the cows at 6 am and 3:45 pm. The electric milking machines are connected to an overhead pipe system that leads into a 2500 liter storage tank where all the milk from the cows is collected and cooled to a temperature of 0 to 5 degrees Celsius. The milk is agitated for even cooling. Each cow actually drinks a bathtub of water everyday and produces 30 liters of milk. The milk of the cows is picked up every couple of days by the milk truck. David explained when a cow is sick and receiving antibiotic treatment, the milk is not allowed to be collected and actually gets washed down the drain.

We then continued into the maternity area that is also used for isolating sick animals. David mentioned that occasionally cows will suffer from a "twisted flipped stomach" (a cow's stomach actually consists of 4 separate parts) and this condition requires surgery. The veterinarian opens the cow's side with a 30 cm cut, manually twists the stomach back to the correct position and sews it onto to the abdomen wall. The whole procedure doesn't take much more than an hour and is performed right in the barn, definitely not under sterile conditions. But the animals always seem to come out okay.

The cow barn is not air conditioned and in the summer it gets pretty warm in the building. At night the cows are taken across the property to a night pasture where they are allowed to graze the whole night and they are taken back into the barn by 6 am. Year round the cows are fed "corn silage" which is made of ground up corn plants, stalks and all. The entire milk production is a big revenue producer for the Museum and offsets some of the operating costs.

From the Dairy Barn we went into an exhibition area that featured a variety of samples of historic farm machinery. The "Beck Circus", dating back to 1912, was a piece of demonstration equipment that was used to show how electricity could make a farmer's life easier. The Hydro-Electric Power Commission came up with this contraption to show farmers the operation of a variety of electrically powered devices, e.g. vacuum pumps for milking machines, a rocker churn to make butter, a feed grinder, a windmill pump and an electrical washing machine. These were the early days of electrical power when most farm work was still done completely manually, only assisted with the help of farm animals. It's hard to imagine how the quality of life of farmers must have improved with the advent of electric power.

David took me to an exhibition of farm tractors: originally they were large, powerful yet very dangerous machines. Through various technical innovations they were still large and even more powerful, but they became much safer to operate since working parts were no longer exposed. The Canada Agriculture Museum features a variety of tractors. One of the exhibits is hands-on; you can actually climb up into a tractor's seat, flick the switch and experience the bumpy, bone-jarring uncomfortable ride of an old-style tractor with metal wheels. Then you change the setting and you see the difference of how much smoother the ride is with rubber wheels. Another innovation that we don't even think about today that made life so much easier for farmers.

Another tractor was actually a hybrid vehicle from the 1930s, consisting of a car chassis and motor carriage that was converted into a farm tractor. Apparently the vehicle was neither particularly adept at being a passenger vehicle nor at being a tractor. The next big innovation on display was the "Cockshutt Tractor", built in Brantford, Ontario, which could have a manure spreader or other implement behind that was powered by the tractor's engine without the necessity for the tractor to be moving. This technology was called the "independent power takeoff" and a significant Canadian innovation during the 1940s.

The next piece of equipment was a specialized tractor used in vegetable fields which had a very slender nose and an engine mounted in the rear of the vehicle. The slender frontal portion would allow the farmer to see the vegetable planting much better. One of the popular displays at the Canada Agriculture Museum is a tractor simulator donated by the John Deere Company. You can climb up into the cab, look ahead through the windshield onto a simulated farmer's field and the simulator rocks you around in the cab as if you were in a real tractor ploughing the field. David explained that today's tractors actually have sophisticated GPS (global positioning systems) which keep track of which areas the farmer has already covered during planting so they don't go over the same area twice or miss other spots.

The machinery exhibit area includes a variety of quizzes with questions such as what would be the link to agriculture of a variety of everyday items. Diapers, photo film and other products we commonly use actually contain agricultural by-products, and we don't even associate them at all with farming operations. It's amazing how many items we take for granted in our daily lives and how many of them are derived from agricultural products.

Then David took me into the Small Animal Barn which houses the pigs, chickens, rabbits, sheep and goats of the Museum. Currently the Museum has one ram and 17 ewes that all have one to three lambs per year. Apparently pigs are surprisingly clean animals, they have a special designated area in their pens for bodily functions and they keep their living area totally clean. David showed me the birth area for the pigs which is called a "farrowing crate". It is a metal contraption that ensures that the mother pig doesn't squash the new born piglets, a very real danger with these sizeable animals.

On the way to the barn he explained that although the Canada Agriculture Museum is a great place for animals, they are still working on improving the facilities for the human visitors. One of the recent improvements is a big playground for children which will make the Canada Agriculture Museum an even more popular destination for young families.

Throughout the year, the Canada Agriculture Museum offers a comprehensive calendar of activities. I found out that the Museum is open 364 days a year with the exception of Christmas Day. All the facilities are fully accessible from March to October and during the winter months admission actually is free.

Some highlights of the calendar include activities during Easter where you can see rabbits, newborn lambs and newly-hatched chicks, not to forget the Easter egg hunt. Mother's Day (with free admission for all mothers) centers on "farm mothers", female animals that provide us with milk, eggs and meat. I of course already caught the Sheep Shearing Festival on the Victoria Day Weekend.

Special activities continue with Father's Day where all fathers get free admission so they can enjoy the Tractors exhibition. Canada Day activities focus on the Canadian Horse while there are fun and informative demonstrations all throughout the summer months. Fall welcomes visitors with October Harvest Weekends and special Halloween events and from November 1 to February 28 admission to the museum is free altogether. In addition to regular visitor programs, there are a variety of School Programs that encourage teachers to bring children to the Canada Agriculture Museum to learn and experience a working farm in the middle of the city.

On our way out of the Museum David mentioned that the Museum will have a brand new exhibition starting in March of 2007 called "Food for Health" which will deal with making wise food choices, food handling and various other nutrition-related topics. So that just means that next time I come to Ottawa I'll have something new to discover..

Agriculture Investment in a Hungry World

ETF exchange traded funds are you doorway to agriculture investing in a world crying out for more food.

As the world population grows, so will the demand for food. That easy too understand, especially when you learn that the World's population will increase from 6.6 billion now, to a United Nations estimated 9 billion by 2050. That will be like adding three Chinas!

Another vital fact is that the population is becoming significantly younger and those younger people will be eating more food than those in aging populations. Even now the consumption of meat is growing ten times faster in the developing world than it is in what we consider the developed countries.

At the same time as there is an increasing demand for food we are seeing the amount of land available to produce that food shrinking. Why? Urbanization. People are moving from the country to the cities. They are leaving the farms.

There's more bad news. Changing weather is leading to desertification in many countries. The U.N. has released estimates that every year 12 million hectares of land turn to desert and become agriculturally unproductive.

As an example of the seriousness of the problem, Beijing's nearest desert is only 70 km northwest of Tian'anmen Square, and this desert is on the move. It threatens to engulf China's capital city within a few years if it can't be stopped.

Floods, earthquakes and drought all contribute to the loss of food production.

So what does this all mean to investors? Opportunity and lots of it. It's time to start looking world wide for companies involved with land, fertilizers, seeds, transportation, farm equipment, irrigation and veterinarian pharmaceuticals.

Rather than trying to pick companies that will prosper, why not buy a basket of agricultural investments in the form of an ETF or ETN. For example:

PowerShares DB Agriculture Fund (DBA)

This fund consists of futures contracts in soy beans, corn, wheat, and sugar, with 25% being allocated towards each commodity.

We expect agriculture to be as recession proof as any investment available today . Even if we should see a global recession people must still eat and you can expect agricultural commodity prices to move higher.

Here are some of your other choices:

Dow Jones-AIG Agriculture Total Return ETN (JJA)
Dow Jones-AIG Grains Total Return ETN (JJG)
Dow Jones-AIG Livestock Total Return ETN (COW)
Market Vectors--Agribusiness ETF (MOO)

The following are all listed on the London Stock Exchange. You can buy them online through a discount broker like E-Trade:

ETFS Agriculture ETF (AIGA-LSE)
ETFS Coffee ETF (COFF-LSE)
ETFS Corn ETF (CORN-LSE)
ETFS Cotton ETF (COTN-LSE)
ETFS Grains ETF (AIGG-LSE)
ETFS Lean Hogs ETF (HOGS-LSE)
ETFS Live Cattle ETF (CATL-LSE)
ETFS Livestock ETF (AIGL-LSE)
ETFS Softs ETF (AIGS-LSE)
ETFS Soybean Oil ETF (SOYO-LSE)
ETFS Soybeans ETF (SOYB-LSE)
ETFS Sugar ETF (SUGA-LSE)
ETFS Wheat ETF (WEAT-LSE)

There are important things to understand about these commodity investments. First, some are structured as ETFs. They hold a basket of stocks like a mutual fund. You will notice that others are ETNs. An ETN is a debt instrument in which the issuer agrees to pay the return of a commodity index, minus fees and expenses.

The tax treatment of capital gains and income can also be different for ETFs and ETNs. Some of these vehicles give you exposure to commodities by investing in the futures market and throw off income from bond collateral, while others hold stocks.

Funds that use futures contracts receive "mark-to-market" treatment, meaning on a yearly basis any gains from the futures are taxed as 40% short-term, and 60% long-term gains.

If nothing else, these investments be your personal hedge against rising grocery prices.

NePAD And The UN Can Save Africa’s Agriculture

Last week, twenty United Agencies (UN) agencies met in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to explore how they can help the New Partnership for African Development (Nepad) achieve its objectives.

Nepad’s main mission is to end chronic poverty in Africa, by, mainly, integrating innovative agricultural technologies, such as biotechnology, into African countries’ economies.

Agriculture being the mainstay of most African countries’ economies, Nepad should exploit the resources at various agricultural-oriented UN agencies to facilitate its rejuvenation. There is the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) that has, for many years, been championing the rights of African farmers. The World Health Organization (WHO), on the other hand, has been very resourceful in giving expert guidance on food safety, the most memorable one being a declaration that genetically modified foods don’t pose health risks on consumers.

It must, however, be stated that the success of this initiative largely depends on Nepad’s willingness to persuade African farmers and policy makers to be ready to embrace more productive agricultural technologies such as biotechnology. UN agencies alone cannot bring prosperity to Africa. African farmers and policy makers must realize that the world, now, is a global village, where countries freely share technologies.

Nepad has already made recognizable progress in convincing Africa to integrate modern agricultural technologies, such as biotechnology, into their economies. Nepad’s science and technology secretariat, through policy briefs, conferences, and position papers, has been actively touting modern agricultural biotechnology as the new frontier to food security.

Just three months ago, Nepad released a draft position paper on potential applications of modern biotechnology in African countries’ economies. To be tabled during the African Heads of States meeting in January, next year, the paper, among other things, asks African governments to integrate modern biotechnology into their development plans. It calls for an integrated approach to agricultural biotechnology.

All these efforts are commendable, but Nepad still can do more. To ensure Africa benefits maximally from, for example, modern agricultural biotechnology, Nepad must intensify efforts to help African governments develop biosafety policies. It can do this by volunteering technical assistance.

Collaboration with a UN agency such as the World Health Organization (WHO), which has been active in research on the safety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), would be helpful. Such an agency can help correct misinformation that attends the debate about genetically modified foods.

Biodynamic Agriculture And Its History

The agriculture of biodynamics, or the biodynamiques ones is a biological system of agriculture (but the limit antedates). It is based on the lesson anthroposophical of Rudolf Steiner, in particular on the eight conferences given by him in 1924 at Schloss Koberwitz in what was then Silesia, Germany nowadays Poland (close to Wrocł aw). When Steiner believed that the introduction of the leasing of chemical was an important problem. Steiner was convinced that the quality of food in its time was degraded, and it believed that the source of problem were the artificial manures and pesticides. However, it did not believe that it was only because of the chemical or biological properties concerning the implied substances, but also because of the spiritual imperfections in the whole chemical approach of the leasing. Steiner considered the world and all in him as simultaneously spiritual and the material in kind, an approach named the monism. It also believed that the living matter was different from the died matter, a point of view generally indicated under the name of vitalism.

The biodynamics of limit was invented by the members of Steiner' S. Any product of biodynamics is also organic. A farm of biodynamics functions the same ones exactly as a firm organics by not employing any pesticide, weedkiller etc; but there are various agricultural methods which are single with the leasing of biodynamics. Those include the field and perforate preparations and a use of calendar astrological to determine periods of the plantation and harvest.

The product of biodynamics is certified by Demeter, but can as well be certified by an organic body of certification. A central aspect of biodynamic is that the farm as a whole is seen like organization, and should thus be a closed individual-nutritive system.

HISTORY.

History the agricultural work coming from the belief of Rudolf Steiner is based at Goetheanum in Dornach, Switzerland. Not length after the conferences of Steiner on agriculture at the Twenties where by agricultural group of research was formed to examine and check the complaints of Steiner and others concerning the nature of the life and the health of the ground, the factories and the animals. The international association of Demeter for the certification of the farms and the processors which follow the method of biodynamics was launched in 1928. The association of the Demeter United States was formed in the Eighties and certified its first farm in 1982. In the United States, Biodynamic Farming & Gardening Association, Inc. was founded in 1938 like company of the state of New York. In Australia the first preparations of data base were manufactured by Ernesto Genoni in Melbourne in 1927 and by Bob Williams in Sydney in 1939. Since the Fifties the research task continued at the institute of search for search for biodynamics (BDRI) in Powelltown, close to Melbourne Australia under the direction of Alex Podolinsky. Today the biodynamiques ones is practised in the whole world in more than 50 countries.

Tuesday, September 23, 2008

Agribusiness

In agriculture, agribusiness is a generic term that refers to the various businesses involved in food production, including farming, seed supply, agrichemicals, farm machinery, wholesale and distribution, processing, marketing, and retail sales. The term has two distinctly different connotations depending on context.

Within the agriculture industry, agribusiness is widely used simply as a convenient portmanteau of agriculture and business, referring to the range of activities and disciplines encompassed by modern food production. There are academic degrees in and departments of agribusiness, agribusiness trade associations, agribusiness publications, and so forth, worldwide. Here, the term is only descriptive, and is synonymous in the broadest sense with food industry.

Among critics of large-scale, industrialized, vertically integrated food production, the term agribusiness is used as a negative, synonymous with corporate farming. As such, it is often contrasted with family farm. Some negative connotation is also derived from the negative associations of "business" and "corporation" from critics of capitalism or corporate excess.

An example of an agribusiness was the Old North State Winegrowers Cooperative in North Carolina. Wine grape farmers came together to not only sell their grapes but to share a winery, winemaker and marketing brand together. The cooperative failed in 2006, three years after opening its winery.